Teaching
The Bacteriology lab contributes to University education in veterinary medicine and veterinary sciences.
Veterinary medicine
UNDERGRADUATE COURSE: Veterinary Bacteriology (3rd BVM)
ORGANISATION
- 23h of lectures on General and Medical Bacteriology in relation with animal diseases (Prof. J. Mainil)
- 12h of practicals to introduce the procedure of routine diagnostic laboratories (Dr D. Thiry, Mr J.N. Duprez)
- 2h of seminars (Prof. J. Mainil)
OBJECTIVE
Presentation of the infectious agents (or microbes) that the bacteria are, in general, in animal health and in public health, and of the physico-chemical tools important in the fight against bacterial pathogens. Introduction to the students of systematic bacteriology in relation with animal diseases and with the routine diagnosis in laboratories, so that they can understand during the final years of study and during their professional life the work performed in the routine diagnostic laboratories.
LECTURES
The purpose of the first part of the course is to present the properties of bacteria in general: architecture, metabolism, growth and cell division. The second part of the course presents the main pathogenic bacterial species living in contact with domestic animals and the most important species in food microbiology. Two chapters will broadly present the virulence properties and commensal floras of domestic animals. Those two chapters are introductions to what will be presented deeptly in 1 GMV. The purpose of the third part of the course is to present the different therapeutic and prophylactic tools of the veterinarians and medical doctors in their fight against bacterial pathogens.
PRACTICALS
The practicals help the students to realise how a routine laboratory of bacterial diagnosis works in veterinary medicine. The students are demonstrated and perform themselves the different steps in a bacterial diagnosis: sampling, inoculation onto agar plates, staining, identification, antibiotic sensitivity, interpretation and answer to the practitioner.
REFERENCE BOOKS
Some reference books are:
- Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Quinn P.J. et al. Wolfe, UK. ISBN 0 7234 1711 3, 1994.
- Introduction à la microbiologie. Tortora G.J., Funke B.R., Case C.L. (adaptation française de Martin L.). ERPI, Canada. ISBN 2 7613 1345 3, 2003.
- Veterinary Microbiology. 2nd Edition. Hirsh D.C., MacLachlan N.J., Walker R.L., Blackwell Science, USA. ISBN 0 8138 0379 9, 2004.
- Color atlas of medical microbiology. de la Maza L.M., Pezzlo M.T., Shigei J.T., Peterson E.M. ASM Press, USA. ISBN 1 55581 206 6, 2004.
- Microbe. Schaechter M., Ingraham J.L., Neidhardt F.C. ASM Press, USA. ISBN 1 55581 320 8, 2006.
- Antibiogramme. Courvalin P., Leclercq R., Bingen E (Eds). 2ème Edition. Editions ESKA, France. ISBN 2 7472 0907 5, 2006.
GRADUATE COURSE: Pathogenesis of Animal Bacterial Diseases (1st VMG)
ORGANISATION
36h of lectures (Prof. J. Mainil)
OBJECTIVE
Description of the molecular mecanisms of interaction between bacterial pathogens and their host tissues and cells. By doing so and by transversal analysis with other courses, the student understands the production of cell and tissue lesions that are the basis of the dysfunction of the organs and, by deduction, the expression of clinical signs that are, or can be, observed. Some diseases with particular interest for one system and/or one animal species illustrate these data (as explained earlier).
LECTURES
The course "Animal Bacterial Diseases" is subdivided into eleven chapters on the basis of the target system:
- diseases of the digestive tract
- diseases of the respiratory tract
- diseases of the urinary tract
- diseases of the genital tracts
- diseases of the nervous system
- diseases of muscles, bones and joints
- (sub-)cutaneous diseases
- diseases of the eye
- diseases of the cardio-vascular system
- septicaemia
- multi-systemic diseases
In each chapter, the diseases are described starting from the clinical signs and progressing step by step towards the pathogenesis of the bacterial infections and the general and virulence properties of the pathogenic bacteria. Those "general" data are completed by the description of some diseases specific to different systems and important in some classical or exotic domestic animal species.
Global description of diagnosis, treatment, prophylaxis, human and veterinary public health, zoonotic transmission, and notifiable diseases, are presented in separate chapters.
The first-line animal species are: bovines, dogs, horses and poultry. Second-line animal species are: pigs, small ruminants, cats, rabbits/hares, small rodents, cage birds. One session is dedicated to the role of wild life as a source of contamination of domestic livestock with bacterial pathogens
REFERENCE BOOKS
Some books explained the mechanisms of production of the diseases, (Part 1), other books describe the diseases (Part 2).
Part 1 :
- Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens. Roth J.A. (Ed). ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 1988. ISBN 0-914826-99-9- Bacterial Pathogenesis - A Molecular Approach. Salyers A.A, Whitt D.D. ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 1994. ISBN 1-55581-070-5
- Bacterial Pathogenesis - AMolecular Approach. (2nd Edition). Salyers A.A., Whitt D.D. ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 2002. ISBN 1-55581-171-X
- Bacterial Adhesion to Animal Cells and Tissues. Ofek I., Ha sty D.L., Doyle R.J. ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 1994. ISBN 1-55581-263-5
- Colonization of Mucosal Surfaces. Natao J.P., Cohen P.S., Mobley H.L.T., Weiser J.N. (Eds). ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 2005. ISBN 1-55581-323-2
- Bacterial Protein Toxins. Burns D.L., Barbieri J.T., Iglewski B.H., Rappuoli R. (Eds). ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 2003. ISBN 1-55581-245-7
- Evolution of Microbial Pathogens. Seifert H.S., DiRita V.J. (Eds). ASM Press, Washington DC, USA, 2006. ISBN 1-55581-300-3
Part 2 :
- Veterinary Medicine - A Text Book of the Diseases of Cattle, Horse, Sheep, Pigs and Goats. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Saunders Elsevier, USA, 2007. ISBN 978-0702-07772
- Large Animal Internal Medicine. Bradford P, Smith CV. Mosby Company, USA, 2002. ISBN 0-323-00946-8
- Microbial and Parasitic Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Quinn PJ, Donnelly WJC, Carter ME, Markey BKJ, Torgerson PR, Breathnach RMS. Saunders Company London, UK, 1997. ISBN 0-7020-1985-2
- Maladies des Lapins. Boucher S, Nouaille L. Editions France agricole, France, 1996. ISBN 2-85557-027-1
- Poultry Diseases. Jordan FTW, Pattison M. Saunders Company London, UK, 1996. ISBN 0-7020-1912-7
- Serie "A Color Atlas of Diseases and Disorders of ..." (Wolfe, UK): "... Cattle" (ISBN 0-7234-15797-8); "... the Pig" (ISBN 0-7234-0996-X); "... the Sheep and Goat" (ISBN 0-7234-1708-3); "... the Horse" (ISBN 0-7234-1702-4); "... the Domestic Fowl and Turkey" (ISBN 0-7234-1628-1)
- Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine. Giguère S, Prescott JF, Baggot JD, Walker RD, Dowling PM. Blackwell Publishing Professional, USA, 2006. ISBN 978-0-8138-0653-3
- Guide to Antimicrobials Use in Animals. Guardabassi L, Jensen LB, Kruse H (Eds). Blackwell Publishing, UK, 2008. ISBN 978-1-4051-5079-8
- Vade-mecum d'antibiothérapie chez les carnivores domestiques (2ème Edition). Puyt JD. Editions Med'Com, France, 2009. ISBN 2-9516289-6-X
- Mémento thérapeutique des NAC. Boussarie D. Editions Med'Com, France, 2003. ISBN 2-914738-20-X
GRADUATE COURSE: Animal Bacterial Diseases (2nd VMG) ending in 2011-2012
ORGANISATION
- 35 hours of lectures on the description of the bacterial diseases of domestic animals (Prof. Jacques Mainil)
- 13 hours of practicals on the diagnosis (culture, identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing) of bacterial diseases (Prof. A. Linden, Dr. D. Thiry)
OBJECTIVE
Presentation of the bacterial diseases of different animal species with emphasis on the bacteriological aspects: aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, lesions, diagnosis, treatment, prophylaxis, public health aspects and notifiable diseases.
LECTURES
The general purpose of the lectures is to present the bacterial diseases of domestic animals in twelve chapters: neonatal period, nine different systems (digestive, repiratory, urinary, genital, nervous, musculo-skeletal, skin, eye, cardiovascular), systemic and septicaemic infections, and an introductory chapter on notifiable diseases. In each chapter, diseases are described for all domestic animals (large and small ruminants, pigs, dogs, cats, horses, rabbits and poultry), with emphasis on the bacteriological aspects.
PRACTICALS
During the practicals ("module paraclinique"), the students receive the information on the laboratory diagnosis of the bacterial diseases and a more specialised teaching illustrating the lectures.
REFERENCE BOOKS
Some reference books are:
- Veterinary Medicine - A text book of the diseases of cattle, horse, sheep, pigs and goats. Radostits O.M., Gay C.C., Hinchcliff K.W., Constable P.D. Saunders Elsevier, USA, ISBN 978-0702-07772, 2007
- Large Animal Internal Medicine. Bradford P. Smith. CV Mosby Company (3rd Edition). ISBN 0-323-00946-8, 2002
- Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. GreeneC.E. (Ed) Saunders Elsevier, USA, ISBN 978-1-4160-3600-5, 2006.
- Microbial and parasitic diseases of the dog and cat. Quinn P.J. et al. Saunders, UK, ISBN 0-7020-1985-2, 1997.
- Maladies des lapins. Boucher S, Nouaille L. Editions France Agricole, France. ISBN 2-85557-027-1, 1996.
- Poultry diseases. FTW Jordan et M Pattison. WB Saunders Company Ltd London, UK. ISBN 0-7020-1912-7, 1996.
- Series " A colour atlas of diseases and disorders of cattle " ISBN 07234 15797 8 - "... of the pig " ISBN 0 7234 0996 X - " of the sheep and goat " ISBN 0 7234 1708 3 - " ... of the domestic fowl and turkey " ISBN 0 7234 1628 1 - "of the horse" ISBN 0 7234 1702 4. Wolfe, UK.
- Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine. Giguère S, Prescott JF, Baggot JD, Walker RD, Dowling PM. Blackwell Publishing Professional, USA. ISBN 978-0-8138-0653-3, 2006.
- Guide to Antimicrobial Use in Animals. Guardabassi L, Jensen LB, Kruse H (Eds). Blackwell Publishing, UK. ISBN 978-1-4051-5079-8, 2008.
- Vade-mecum d'antibiothérapie chez les carnivores domestiques (2ème édition). Puyt JD. Editions Med'Com, France. ISBN 2-9516289-6-X, 2009.
- Mémento thérapeutique des NAC. Boussarie D. Editions Med'Com, France. ISBN 2-914738-20-X, 2003.